![]() But even a moderate case can cause bothersome itching and poor sleep, and a severe infestation can cause complications, such as a more serious infection – so you don't want to let the situation get worse. When the child scratches his itchy bottom, the eggs get under his fingernails, and another cycle begins when he puts his hands in his mouth.Ī mild case of pinworms sometimes goes away without any treatment. As the worms move, they cause intense itching that can disrupt sleep. From there, female pinworms migrate out of the child's intestines to lay their eggs on his anus. The eggs then travel to his large intestine, where they hatch. Or he can pick them up by eating food contaminated by someone with pinworms. So a child can pick up pinworms by touching an object – such as a toy or a towel – handled by someone else with pinworms and then putting his fingers in his mouth. Pinworm eggs can survive for up to two weeks on some surfaces. If you suspect an infection, call your child's doctor. ![]() ![]() Pus or other discharge and a bad odor are also signs of infection. The skin may be infected if it looks very red and swollen and is warm or tender to the touch. Red, tender skin around your child's anus could be the result of irritation from diaper rash, diarrhea, or a bacterial infection. McSorley HJ et al. Suppression of inflammatory immune responses in celiac disease by experimental hookworm infection. PLoS One. 2011 6(9):e24092.If you don't find pinworms or eggs, anal itching could be a sign of another problem, such as dryness from cleaning the area too vigorously with soap.Giacomin P et al. Experimental hookworm infection and escalating gluten challenges are associated with increased microbial richness in celiac subjects.The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2015 Feb 135(2):508-16. Croese J et al. Experimental hookworm infection and gluten microchallenge promote tolerance in celiac disease.Croese J et al. Changed gluten immunity in celiac disease by Necator americanus provides new insights into autoimmunity.Daveson AJ et al. Effect of hookworm infection on wheat challenge in celiac disease-a randomised double-blinded placebo controlled trial. PLoS One. 2011 Mar 8 6(3):e17366.University of Nebraska-Lincoln: What are Nematodes?.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Parasites-Hookworms.Cleveland Clinic: Parasitic Roundworm Diseases.Treatment typically lasts one to three days. Hookworms are treated with anthelminthic medications, such as albendazole and mebendazole. However, a heavy infestation can cause abdominal pain, appetite loss, weight loss and anemia. If you have a light infestation of hookworms, there are usually no symptoms. Then the hookworms ascend to the pharynx where it is swallowed and enters the digestive system, where it grows in the small intestines. Hookworms enter through the skin, usually the feet, and move through the veins to the heart and lungs. If the hookworms are found in large numbers in the human body, they can block the lymphatic system causing life-threatening edema. ![]() There are 576 to 740 million people in the world infected with hookworms, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2.
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